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The Cardiolipin Antibody (ACL) – IgA test measures IgA-type autoantibodies directed against cardiolipin, a phospholipid component of cell membranes. While IgG and IgM antibodies are commonly used for diagnosing Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), IgA antibodies may also be present, particularly in patients who have symptoms of APS (e.g., blood clots, miscarriages) but test negative for IgG and IgM.
Detection of ACL IgA is helpful in seronegative APS, an atypical form of APS where standard antibodies are absent. It can also provide additional diagnostic value in autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
This test is generally performed alongside ACL IgG, ACL IgM, Beta-2 Glycoprotein I antibodies, and Lupus Anticoagulant for a full autoimmune work-up.